Questions by exam session
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is non-parametric counter part of two-way ANOVA?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Friedman's test ranks the scores within each participant or block and then compares the conditions, so every score is classified two ways, by its row and by its column. It is therefore known as Friedman's two-way analysis of variance by ranks, the non-parametric counterpart of two-way ANOVA.
UGC NETPast question In which of the following statistical analysis there will be more than one dependent/criterion variables:
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Canonical correlation relates a set of predictor variables to a set of two or more criterion variables, so it has more than one dependent or criterion variable. Simple and multiple regression each predict a single criterion, and a three-way analysis of variance has three independent variables but only one dependent variable.
UGC NETPast question The limb (anga), which signifies concentration according to Yog-sutra is:
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: In the Yoga Sutra, dharana is concentration: holding attention on one object. Dhyana is meditation, samadhi is absorption and pranayama is breath regulation.
This session has 87 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is the non-parametric counterpart of two-Way ANOVA?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Friedman's test ranks the scores within each participant or block and then compares the conditions, so every score is classified two ways, by its row and by its column. It is therefore known as Friedman's two-way analysis of variance by ranks, the non-parametric counterpart of two-way ANOVA.
UGC NETPast question In which of the following statistical analysis we have more than one dependent/ outcome variables?
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) compares groups on two or more dependent (outcome) variables at the same time. Simple and multiple regression each predict a single outcome, and a three-way analysis of variance has three independent variables but still only one dependent variable.
UGC NETPast question According to Buddhist perspective, which of the following represents, the cognitive aspects of the personality?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Among the five aggregates, sanna (samjna) is perception: recognising and identifying objects, the cognitive aspect of personality. Rupa is material form, vedana is feeling and sukha is pleasure.
This session has 5 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is one of the non-parametric counterpart of ANOVA?
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The Kruskal–Wallis H test is a non-parametric counterpart of ANOVA: it compares three or more independent groups by ranking all the observations together, in place of a one-way ANOVA on the group means. The Mann–Whitney test compares only two independent groups, Kendall's test is a rank correlation, and Wilcoxon's test compares two related samples.
UGC NETPast question Match the List-I with List-II
List I- A.Eros Love
- B.Ludos Love
- C.Storge Love
- D.Agape Love
List II- I.Treating love as a game
- II.Treating love as friendship
- III.Loving an ideal person
- IV.Selfless love
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Ludus treats love as a game (B–I), Storge emphasizes friendship (C–II), and Agape is selfless or altruistic love (D–IV). Eros is the passionate/idealized form represented by III here.
UGC NETPast question Match the List-I with List-II
List I- A.Non-maleficence
- B.HPA Axis
- C.Art Therapy
- D.Existentialism
List II- I.Response to stress
- II.Encountering paradoxes of life
- III.Counselling ethics
- IV.Intervention for emotional release
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Non-maleficence is an ethical principle in counselling (III); the HPA axis mediates the physiological stress response (I); art therapy can facilitate emotional expression and release (IV); and existentialism addresses life's paradoxes and ultimate concerns (II). The mapping A–III, B–I, C–IV, D–II is option D.
This session has 18 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is considered to be error component in ANOVA ?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: In ANOVA, the within-groups mean square (MS within, also called the error mean square) measures the scatter of scores around their own group means, which is the chance or error variation. It is the denominator of the F-ratio, F = MS between / MS within.
UGC NETPast question Arrange to Astanga yoga arrange the stages in the correct sequence :
- (A)Dhyana
- (B)Asana
- (C)Samadhi
- (D)Pranayama
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The eight limbs run yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana and samadhi. Of the four given, the order is asana (B), pranayama (D), dhyana (A) and samadhi (C), which is option A.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following are not the components of yama as per Astanga Yoga :
- (A)Ahimsa
- (B)Shoucha
- (C)Asteya
- (D)Tapas
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Patanjali's five yamas (ethical restraints) are ahimsa, satya, asteya, brahmacharya and aparigraha. Shaucha (cleanliness) and tapas (discipline) belong to the niyamas (observances), so (B) and (D) are not yamas.
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UGC NETPast question Which of the following should be assured before going for parametric analysis of variance?
- A.Independence of scores of the subjects
- B.Categorical dependent variable
- C.Random assignment of subjects to the treatments
- D.Homogeneity of variance of the subjects' scores
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Before a parametric analysis of variance, the scores of different subjects should be independent, subjects should be randomly assigned to the treatments, and the treatment groups should show homogeneity of variance. ANOVA needs a quantitative dependent variable, not a categorical one, so statement B is wrong.
UGC NETPast question The Bhagavadgita has 18 chapters (Adhyayas) named after some form of Yoga. Which is not the correct adhyaya out of the following?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: The Gita's eighteen chapters include Dhyana Yoga (chapter 6), Akshara Brahma Yoga (chapter 8) and Purushottama Yoga (chapter 15). There is no chapter called Jagrata Yoga, so option D is correct.
UGC NETPast question Arrange 'Pancha Kosha' in order:
- A.Annamaya Kosha
- B.Maanomaya Kosha
- C.Vijnanamaya Kosha
- D.Pranamaya Kosha
- E.Anandamaya Kosha
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: From the outermost sheath inward: Annamaya (A), Pranamaya (D), Manomaya (B), Vijnanamaya (C) and Anandamaya (E). A, D, B, C, E is option B.
This session has 4 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Social loafing is defined as:
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Social loafing is the reduction of individual effort when working as part of a group where individual contributions are pooled and not separately identifiable. This phenomenon, first described by Ringelmann and later elaborated by Latané, occurs because of diffusion of responsibility and reduced evaluation apprehension, leading to lower group output.
UGC NETPast question In REBT, treatment is based on:
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: In REBT, treatment is comprehensive and based on the ABCDE model. A therapist assesses the client's therapeutic goals, the Activating events (A), the irrational Beliefs (B) about those events, and the emotional and behavioral Consequences (C).
UGC NETPast question Which one is the correct formula for variance?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Variance is the mean of the squared deviations from the mean. In the formula used in this item, variance = Σ(X − X̄)² / N, so option B is correct.
This session has 85 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Positivist paradigm subscribes to
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: The positivist paradigm in science is built on the ontological assumption of realism, which posits that there is a single, objective reality that exists independently of the observer's mind or consciousness. This reality is governed by natural laws that can be discovered through empirical observation and measurement.
UGC NETPast question lndigenization of research was proposed for
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Indigenization of psychology was proposed to overcome the poor explanatory fit of Western psychological frameworks when applied to non-Western cultural contexts. The goal is to develop theories and methods rooted in the local culture's meanings, values, and lived experiences.
UGC NETPast question The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: The linguistic relativity hypothesis, proposed by Sapir and Whorf, states that the structure of a language influences the way its speakers perceive and think about the world. The 'weak' version of this hypothesis, which has more support, suggests that language shapes or biases thought.
This session has 82 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Projective measures, particularly inkblot tests, index which of the following?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: When used to assess creativity, projective measures like inkblot tests are thought to reveal a person's unique way of seeing the world. The interpretations provided are seen as an index of the individual's ability to construct personal meaning from ambiguous stimuli, tapping into the 'meaning context' of creativity.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following statements describe the term ‘Diffusion of Responsibility?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Diffusion of responsibility is a primary cause of the bystander effect. It is the phenomenon where the presence of other people in an emergency leads each individual to feel less personally responsible for helping, as the obligation is perceived to be shared among all witnesses.
UGC NETPast question As per Socrates’ Greek Philosophy, Which of the following is NOT true about eudaemonia?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Socrates argued that virtue is both necessary and sufficient for eudaemonia (living well or flourishing); the two are almost identical. Therefore, the statement 'Being virtuous does not guarantee eudaemonia' directly contradicts Socratic philosophy, which holds that true virtue inevitably leads to a flourishing life.
This session has 67 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Antiduretic hormone (ADH) is released by which of the following?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH/vasopressin) is synthesised in the hypothalamus and transported along axons to the posterior pituitary, from which it is released into the bloodstream to regulate water reabsorption in the kidneys.
UGC NETPast question The Door in the Face Technique is based on which tactics of compliance?
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The Door-in-the-Face technique, where a large initial request is followed by a smaller, more reasonable one, works through the principle of reciprocity. The requester's move from a large to a small request is perceived as a concession, creating social pressure for the target to reciprocate by agreeing to the second request.
UGC NETPast question In multiple approach-avoidance conflict, one has to choose between which of the following?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: A multiple approach-avoidance conflict is an extension of the double approach-avoidance conflict. It involves having to choose between more than two options, where each of the options possesses its own set of positive (approach) and negative (avoidance) qualities, making the decision highly complex.
This session has 76 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Feminist theory helped in:
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: Feminist theory primarily helped psychology identify and address gender inequality, including androcentric assumptions in theory, research, diagnosis, and social roles. “Gender issues” is too broad and the other options are not its primary contribution.
UGC NETPast question “Confrontation” in Gestalt therapies involves
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Confrontation in Gestalt therapy is a specific technique that focuses on keeping the client in their immediate, direct experience.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following norms suggest people that they ought to behave?
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Prescriptive norms, also known as injunctive norms, are shared expectations within a group that specify how members *ought* to behave. They define the approved and recommended actions, attitudes, and beliefs that the group endorses as appropriate.
This session has 76 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question The major function of parathyroid is to maintain the level of
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), whose primary function is maintaining blood calcium concentration. PTH raises serum calcium through effects on bone, kidneys, and indirectly the intestine.
UGC NETPast question Jung identified eight personality types on the basis of which of the following
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: Carl Jung developed his influential typology of eight personality types by combining two fundamental attitudes with four psychological functions. The two attitudes are Extraversion and Introversion.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is correct explanation of ‘outgroup homogeneity effect’?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: The outgroup homogeneity effect is the perception that members of an outgroup are more similar to one another than are members of one's own ingroup. This bias occurs because we have more diverse and frequent contact with ingroup members, leading to a more complex and differentiated representation of our own group.
This session has 76 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Sensory-Specific satiety takes place in
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Sensory-specific satiety is the neural decline in appetite for a food already consumed. It occurs at the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (NST), the brainstem's first taste relay, where neurons reduce their response rate when repeatedly exposed to the same flavour.
UGC NETPast question What is the correct sequence of products in Guilford’s SOI model?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: In Guilford's Structure of Intellect (SOI) model, the six types of products that represent the form information takes are sequenced correctly as Units, Classes, Relations, Systems, Transformations, and Implications. This specific order is a definitional aspect of the SOI framework's product dimension.
UGC NETPast question Reciprocal determinism is an interaction between which of the following?
Not quite. The answer is D.
Why: Reciprocal determinism is the core concept of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory. It posits that personality emerges from the continuous, mutual interaction between three factors: the person (their cognitions, biology, and personality), their behavior, and the environment.
This session has 69 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question During which stage most of the creative thinking occurs?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: According to Graham Wallas's model of creativity, the Incubation stage is where most of the creative work happens. During this stage, the problem is set aside from conscious thought, allowing for unconscious processing and novel associations to form, leading to a later insight.
UGC NETPast question Decentration and reversible thought processes are the characteristics of which of the following stage?
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Decentration, the ability to focus on multiple aspects of a problem simultaneously, and reversible thought are the key cognitive achievements of the Concrete-Operational stage. These abilities allow children to successfully solve conservation tasks.
UGC NETPast question Chimpanzee Sarah’s one of the most outstanding achievements was the construction of sentences involving:
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Research with the chimpanzee Sarah, led by David Premack, demonstrated a significant cognitive leap in animal language studies. One of her key achievements was understanding and correctly using symbols to represent conditional 'if-then' relationships, showing an abstract reasoning ability.
This session has 79 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Where is Broca’s area located?
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: Broca's area, which is critical for speech production and grammatical processing, is located in the inferior frontal gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere. Therefore, it is situated within the frontal lobe.
UGC NETPast question Which is not the part of Equity Theory?
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Adams' Equity Theory identifies three conditions based on social comparison of input/outcome ratios: equitable payment, underpayment inequity (one's ratio is worse than the referent's), and overpayment inequity (one's ratio is better). 'Linear payment' is not a concept within this framework.
UGC NETPast question Concepts allow us to identify things without _________.
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Concepts are mental categories that allow for cognitive efficiency. By grouping similar items or ideas, we can identify a new instance of a concept without having to learn its properties from scratch.
This session has 100 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Length and Intensity of Lightwave play an important role in
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The wavelength of visible light is primarily associated with perceived hue or colour, whereas light intensity is primarily associated with perceived brightness. Therefore wavelength and intensity play their key roles in the perception of colour and brightness, making option A correct.
UGC NETPast question The field of Industrial Psychology was created/developed by
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Hugo Münsterberg, a student of Wilhelm Wundt and a key figure in applied psychology, is widely credited with being the father of Industrial Psychology. His book 'Psychology and Industrial Efficiency' (1913) was a pioneering work that applied psychological principles to workplace issues like employee selection and productivity.
UGC NETPast question The most effective way for dealing with bullying in schools is
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: The most effective school-based interventions for bullying focus on creating a safe school climate and teaching prosocial behaviors, rather than using purely punitive measures. Counseling potential bullies and clearly communicating that the behavior is unacceptable is a proactive, preventative approach that addresses the root of the behavior while setting clear boundaries.
This session has 103 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Long Term Potentiality involves
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: Long-term potentiation involves NMDA-receptor activation, but the lasting postsynaptic strengthening is classically associated especially with increased AMPA-receptor function/insertion rather than an increased number or sensitivity of NMDA receptors. Nitric oxide can act as a retrograde messenger during LTP, making option A the defensible answer among the choices.
UGC NETPast question Sleep disorders can be categorized as
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Option C is the intended answer in this older UGC NET item. DSM-IV-era teaching divided primary sleep disorders into dyssomnias, involving disturbances in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep, and parasomnias, involving abnormal events during sleep or sleep-wake transitions.
UGC NETPast question Shaping in instrumental conditioning means
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Shaping is an operant conditioning procedure used to establish a novel behavior. It involves reinforcing responses that are successively closer approximations of the final desired behavior until the target behavior is achieved.
This session has 107 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following sequence is correct?
Not quite. The answer is C.
Why: Sigmund Freud proposed five distinct stages of psychosexual development through which personality is formed. The correct sequence is determined by the shifting focus of libidinal energy.
UGC NETPast question What is the role of positive and negative reinforcement?
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: The core function of reinforcement, by definition, is to strengthen a behavior and increase the likelihood of it occurring again. Positive reinforcement does this by adding a pleasant stimulus, and negative reinforcement does this by removing an aversive stimulus; both result in an increased probability of the preceding response.
UGC NETPast question Failure to develop consistent identity results in __________.
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: In Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, Identity vs. Role Confusion, the primary task of adolescence is to form a stable, consistent sense of self.
This session has 88 more past questions in the Portal.
UGC NETPast question Pygmalion effect is:
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) told teachers that certain randomly selected students had scored high on a test predicting academic blooming. By year-end, those students showed significantly greater intellectual gains than peers.
UGC NETPast question Self - modelling means:
Not quite. The answer is A.
Why: Self-modelling is a specific application of observational learning where individuals watch videotaped recordings of themselves performing a behavior correctly. This serves as a model for them to replicate the successful behavior in the future.
UGC NETPast question Which of the following is correctly arranged?
Not quite. The answer is B.
Why: Option B gives the coherent problem-solving sequence used in the item: identify the problem, explore it, set goals, generate alternatives, select a solution, implement it, and evaluate the outcome. The other options either disrupt the early problem-definition/goal sequence or place evaluation before implementation.
This session has 110 more past questions in the Portal.
Common questions
Yes. The questions, answers and short explanations on these pages are free to use without an account.
This page has reviewed sample questions from 18 UGC NET Psychology exam sessions, with older papers from the same session grouped together.
No. This page offers 54 sample questions by session, with separate practice pages for 5 topics. It does not reproduce complete papers.
They come from the reviewed questions and stored explanations in The Exam Brief. These pages show a short reason for each answer; the Portal has the full explanations and related notes.
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